Thursday, July 17, 2008

On the Name 'Mark'

As to the question on how early a word “marca” could have been borrowed from Germanic into Romance, and specifically whether it could have been borrowed by Latin as early as the 1st c. A. D., I intend to ask someone about this but don't know who to approach. Note carefully: the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary doesn’t say this word was borrowed into English from Frisian: it says it is the COGNATE of the Frisian word. This dictionary uses three separate symbols for “derived from by natural development” (in this case by both Frisian and English from Proto-Germanic), “naturally cognate to” (e.g. the English and Frisian and Dutch and Gothic words are all natural developments from the same Proto-Germanic original), and “derived by lifting from another language” (as the Romance forms from various forms of Germanic). Have a careful look at the table of symbols. Don’t forget either that sometimes the borrowing can be from both Celtic to Germanic and Celtic to Romance, as is the case for “cat” (Latin “cattus”), “beak” (French “bec”), “car”, and “orca”( i.e. the technical term for a killer-whale).


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