Tuesday, October 14, 2008

The significance of Arius' alleged relationship with Miletius (c. 306 CE)

A sample of what appears in the Real Messiah order it here

In February 303, Diocletian initiated what was to prove the most serious and sustained persecution the Christian Church has so far endured. In eastern parts of the Empire and in Africa, martyrdom became common; though in the West Diocletian's colleague Maximian and Maximian's junior coadjutor Constantius, father of Constantine did virtually nothing to further the persecution in their territories. When in 305 Diocletian abdicated in favour of his fanatically anti-Christian second-in-command, the Caesar Galerius, the situation in the East deteriorated further from the Church's point of view. Galerius' protege Maximin was given the rank of Caesar and put in charge of Egypt and Syria (the civil diocese of 'the East,' Oriens); under his supervision, the persecution continued with hardly any interruption until 313 when Licinius seized power in the eastern empire. These eight years were a costly time for the Church in Egypt in more sense than one.

Several bishops suffered in the persecution ... and the prolonged imprisonment of a bishop would create obvious problems for his diocese ... [A]t some point late in 305 or early in 306, four Egyptian bishops, Hesychius, Pachomius, Theodorus and Phileas, wrote from prison to [Melitius] the newly appointed bishop of Lycopolis to complain that he had entered their diocese and performed ordinations, contrary to established laws and customs ... Miletius of Lycopolis has not consulted with the imprisoned bishops, nor it appears, has he referred the alleged problems of the orphaned diocese to [Pope] Peter of Alexandria: he has ordained unsuitable and factious persons and caused grave divisions in the church.

Peter we gather was absent from Alexandria, in flight or in hiding ... he is unlikely to have been outside of Egypt. This is reinforced by the fragment of narrative that follows the bishops letter in the codex which preserves the text:

After he had received and read the letter, he [Miletius] did not reply nor did he visit them in prison, nor did he go to blessed Peter: but when all these bishops, presbyters and deacons had been martyred in the prison in Alexandria, he immediately entered Alexandria. There was a man called Isidore in the city, a regular troublemaker, eager to be a teacher and also a certain Arius, who had an outward appearance of piety and he too was eager to be a teacher. When they had discovered what Miletius wanted and what it was that he required, they lost no time joining up with him (being envious of the authority of blessed Peter); and - when the result that Miletius' aims became publicly known - they pointed out to him where the presbyters to whom blessed Peter had delegated the power to visit the districts of Alexandria were hiding. Melitius notified them of a charge against them, excommunicated them, and himself ordained two persons, one to work in prison, the other to work in the mines.


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