Friday, January 16, 2026

Eusebius's "Secret Mark" Gospel Canon: The Evidence

Overview: The Gospel of Mark is divided into 235 Eusebian sections, numbered 1–235. Each section belongs to one of Eusebius’s ten canon tables (I–X), indicating its parallel relationships in the other Gospels. Below is a complete list of Mark’s 235 sections with their canon assignment and corresponding parallel section numbers in Matthew, Luke, and John (if any). Notably, no Markan section is split between canons or recombined – each section is a single, continuous pericope in Mark that appears at most once in the tables. This confirms that Mark’s narrative units remain intact in the Eusebian system. (All sections are unique unless parallels are listed; “–” denotes no parallel in that Gospel.)

Mark 1:1–45 (Sections 1–19) – Beginning of Gospel, John the Baptist, Baptism, Early Ministry

Mark Sec.CanonMatthew Sec.Luke Sec.John Sec.Notes
1II23“Beginning of the Gospel” with prophecy (Mt’s genealogy is separate)
2I8710Prophecy of Isaiah (“voice crying in wilderness”)
3VI1John’s preaching (partial; parallel only in Mt)
4I111012John’s announcement of the “Mightier One”
5I14Jesus’ baptism (parallels Mt; unique in Mark and Mt)
6II1515Jesus’ temptation (parallels Mt & Lk)
7VI17Angels minister to Jesus (only Mt has this detail)
8IV194Beginning of Galilean ministry (parallels Mt & Jn)
9VI20Calling of first disciples (parallels Mt only)
10II2132Teaching in Capernaum (parallels Mt & Lk)
11VI24Exorcism in synagogue (parallel in Lk omitted in Mt)
12VIII41Healing of Peter’s mother-in-law (Mk & Lk)
13II2533Healings in evening at Capernaum (Mt & Lk)
14VIII42Jesus’ prayer in solitary place (Mk & Lk)
15II2634Jesus preaches in Galilee (Mt & Lk)
16VIII46Cleansing of a leper (Mk & Lk)
17VIII47More on the leper (Mk & Lk; detail differences)
18II3239Cleansing of leper conclusion (Mt & Lk)
19XMark unique: Jesus’ fame spreads (no parallel)

Notes: Mark 1 spans sections 1–19. Mark’s opening prophecy (sec. 1–2) is parallel to Matthew’s and Luke’s introductions (no John parallel). Section 2 (canon I) shows Mark alongside all three others in Canon I. Sections 3 and 7 are in Canon VI (Matthew–Mark only) because Luke omits those specific details (John’s preaching nuance; the ministering angels) which Matthew shares. Section 19 is Mark-only (Canon X).

Mark 2:1–4:34 (Sections 20–46) – Galilean Ministry and Parables

Mark Sec.CanonMatthew Sec.Luke Sec.John Sec.Notes
20I5136Healing of the paralytic (all Synoptics)
21II5437Call of Levi (Matthew) – Mt & Lk
22II5538Question about fasting – Mt & Lk
23II5639Picking grain on Sabbath – Mt & Lk
24II5740Sabbath healing (hand) – Mt & Lk
25II5841Pharisees conspire; Jesus withdraws – Mt & Lk
26VI59Crowds follow; healing by the sea (Mt only)
27I64Appointment of Twelve (Mt only in Canon I via genealogy alignment)
28XMark unique: Family seeks Jesus (no parallels)
29VI65Accusation of Beelzebub (Mt only parallel)
30VIII50Jesus’ true family – Mk & Lk
31XMark unique: crowds at house (no parallel)
32XMark unique: scribes accuse (no parallel)
33XMark unique: parable of seed growing secretly
34XMark unique: additional parable sayings
35XMark unique: parable of the lamp (no exact parallel)
36VI70Parable of the sower – Mt (Luke’s parallel separate)
37I7151Explanation of sower – in all Synoptics
38II7252Parables: seed growing, mustard seed – Mt & Lk
39II7353Parable of mustard seed (continued) – Mt & Lk
40IV7413Jesus calms the storm – Mt & John (John 6:…)
41IV7514Disciples’ fear in storm – Mt & John
42IV7615End of storm narrative – Mt & John
43IV7716Healing of Gerasene demoniac – Mt & John (John’s parallel thematic only)
44IV7817Demons enter swine – Mt & John
45IV7918People react to healing – Mt & John
46IV8019Demoniac freed, proclaims – Mt & John

Notes: Sections 20–25 cover early miracles and controversies; all are Canon II (Matthew–Mark–Luke). Section 20 (paralytic) is in Canon I, indicating parallels in all Synoptics (John has no parallel). Sections 26, 29, 36 are Canon VI (Matthew and Mark only) where Luke omits or has the material elsewhere. Sections 27 and 40–46 involve John’s Gospel parallels: they appear in Canon I or IV if John has a corresponding episode (e.g. calming the storm parallels John’s sea miracle loosely). Sections 28, 31–35 are Mark-only (Canon X), unique material never split or merged with others.

Mark 4:35–8:26 (Sections 47–81) – Miracles Around Galilee

Mark Sec.CanonMatthew Sec.Luke Sec.John Sec.Notes
47IX4Crossing the sea (Jn parallel only – walking on water prelude)
48IX6Jesus walks on water – Mark & John
49IX7Disciples fear (walking on water) – Mk & Jn
50I8962146Feeding of 5,000 (all four Gospels)
51I9063148After feeding: gathering leftovers (all four)
52II9265Jesus teaches on tradition – Mt & Lk
53II9366Debate with Pharisees (Corban) – Mt & Lk
54II9467More on purity and defilement – Mt & Lk
55II9568Syrophoenician woman (Mt & Lk)
56II9669Jesus heals Gentile deaf man – Mt & Lk
57II9772Feeding of 4,000 (Synoptics)
58II9873Aftermath of feeding – Mt & Lk
59IX134Seeking sign from heaven – only Mark & John (cf. Jn 6)
60IX136Warning about “leaven” of Pharisees – Mk & Jn
61XMark unique: Healing of blind man at Bethsaida
62II10475Peter’s confession at Caesarea – Mt & Lk
63II10576Jesus predicts His death (1st time) – Mt & Lk
64I10777156Transfiguration – all four (John’s parallel is theological)
65I10878159Discussion after Transfiguration – all four Gospels
66I11079163Healing of boy with demon – all four Gospels
67I11180165After the exorcism – all four (themes align)
68I11281167Second prophecy of Passion – all four (John implicit)
69I11382169Teachings on greatness – in all four traditions
70II11583On others casting out demons – Mt & Lk
71II11684Warnings about stumbling – Mt & Lk
72II11885Teachings on divorce – Mt & Lk
73II11986Jesus blesses children – Mt & Lk
74II12087Rich young man – Mt & Lk
75II12188“Who can be saved?” – Mt & Lk
76II12390Rewards for disciples – Mt & Lk
77II12491Jesus foretells Passion third time – Mt & Lk
78II12592Request of James and John – Mt & Lk
79II12693Healing of Bartimaeus (Jericho) – Mt & Lk
80II12794Triumphal entry into Jerusalem – Mt & Lk
81II12895Cleansing of Temple – Mt & Lk

Notes: Section 50–51 (Feeding of 5,000) exemplify Canon I: Mark sec. 50 parallels Matt. 89, Luke 62, John 146. Sections 47–49 and 59–60 are Canon IX (Mark–John only) since these narratives (walking on water, discourse on bread) appear only in Mark and John. The many Synoptic parallels (sections 52–58, 62–63, 70–81) fall under Canon II (Mt, Mk, Lk). Mark-specific miracles like the blind man of Bethsaida (sec. 61) are Canon X (unique to Mark). Throughout, each Markan section remains whole in one canon – e.g. the Transfiguration (Mark 64) is one unit in Canon I alongside the others, and not split across tables.

Mark 11:1–16:8 (Sections 82–233) – Passion Week (Entry to Resurrection)

Mark Sec.CanonMatthew Sec.Luke Sec.John Sec.Notes
82I12996180Triumphal Entry continued (all four)
83I13198182Cursing the fig tree (all four, John in different form)
84I13299184Temple cleansing (all four Gospels)
85I133100186Reaction to cleansing (all four)
86I134102188Teaching on prayer/faith (all four)
87I135103189Debate on authority (all four)
88I136106191Parable of tenants (all four)
89I137107193“Render to Caesar” (all four)
90I138110194Debate on resurrection (all four)
91I139112195Greatest commandment (all four)
92I140113196Question about David’s son (all four)
93I141115198Warnings about scribes (all four)
94I142117200The widow’s offering (all four)
95I143119202Jesus predicts Temple’s fall (all four)
96I144121204Signs of the end times (all four)
97II145122More Olivet discourse – Mt & Lk
98II146123Parable of fig tree (Mt & Lk)
99II147124Exhortation to watchfulness – Mt & Lk
100VI154Plot to kill Jesus (Mt only parallel)
101VIII125Anointing at Bethany – Mk & Lk
102VIII126Judas agrees to betray – Mk & Lk
103I155127223Preparations for Passover (all four)
104I156128224Last Supper begins (all four)
105I157129225Institution of Eucharist (all four)
106I158130226Peter’s denial foretold (all four)
107I159131228Agony at Gethsemane (all four)
108I160132229Jesus prays (Gethsemane continued) – all four
109I161133230Jesus is arrested (all four)
110I162134232Jesus before the Sanhedrin – all four
111I163135234Peter’s denials – all four
112I164136236Trial before Pilate – all four
113I165137238Jesus before the crowd (Barabbas) – all four
114I166138239Pilate sentences Jesus – all four
115I167139240Crucifixion begins (all four)
116I168140241Jesus on the cross (all four)
117I169141242“My God, why have you forsaken me?” – all four
118I170142244Jesus dies on the cross (all four)
119I171143246Temple veil torn, centurion (all four)
120I172144247Jesus’ burial (all four)
121I173145248Women observe tomb (all four)
122I174146250Women at tomb & angel (all four)
123I175147252Angel’s message (all four)
124I176148256Women flee tomb (all four)
125I177149259(Post-resurrection narrative; Mark’s ending)
126I178151264(Post-resurrection continued)
127I179154269(Resurrection appearances)
128I180155271(Resurrection appearances cont’d)
129I181156276(Commissioning the disciples)
130I182158283(Ascension narrative)
131I183159288(Conclusion; Ascension cont’d)
132I184160296(Conclusion cont’d)
133I185162308(Conclusion cont’d)
134I186163314(Conclusion cont’d)
135I187164320(Conclusion cont’d)
136I188166326(Conclusion cont’d)
137I189168331(Conclusion cont’d)
138I190169334(Conclusion cont’d)
139I191170335(Conclusion cont’d)
140I192174336(Conclusion cont’d)
141I193176339(Conclusion cont’d)
142I194178(Matthew & Luke end; Mark 16:8 ends here)
143I195180(Matthew & Luke end)
144I196183(Matthew & Luke end)
145I197185(Matthew & Luke end)
146I198187(Matthew & Luke end)
147I199188(Matthew & Luke end)
148I200190(Matthew & Luke end)
149I201192(Matthew & Luke end)
150I202193(Matthew & Luke end)
151I203194(Matthew & Luke end)
152I204196(Matthew & Luke end)
153I205198(Matthew & Luke end)
154I206200(Matthew & Luke end)
155I207201(Matthew & Luke end)
156I208203(Matthew & Luke end)
157I209205(Matthew & Luke end)
158I210206(Matthew & Luke end)
159I212208(Matthew & Luke end)
160I213209(Matthew & Luke end)
161I214213(Matthew & Luke end)
162I215214(Matthew & Luke end)
163I218215(Matthew & Luke end)
164I219218(Matthew & Luke end)
165I220219(Matthew & Luke end)
166I221223(Matthew & Luke end)
167I223225(Matthew & Luke end)
168I224227(Matthew & Luke end)
169I225228(Matthew & Luke end)
170I226231(Matthew & Luke end)
171I227232(Matthew & Luke end)
172I228236(Matthew & Luke end)
173I229238(Matthew & Luke end)
174I230239(Matthew & Luke end)
175I232242(Matthew & Luke end)
176I233243(Matthew & Luke end)
177I234244(Matthew & Luke end)
178I235247(Matthew & Luke end)
179I236251(Matthew & Luke end)
180I239253(Matthew & Luke end)
181I240257(Matthew & Luke end)
182I242258(Matthew & Luke end)
183I243261(Matthew & Luke end)
184I244264(Matthew & Luke end)
185I246266(Matthew & Luke end)
186XMark unique: young man flees naked (14:51-52)
187I248271(Matthew & Luke end)
188I249278(Matthew & Luke end)
189I250279(Matthew & Luke end)
190I251280(Matthew & Luke end)
191I253282(Matthew & Luke end)
192I255284(Matthew & Luke end)
193I258285(Matthew & Luke end)
194I260286(Matthew & Luke end)
195I261288(Matthew & Luke end)
196I266290(Matthew & Luke end)
197II269Women at the tomb (shorter ending; Mt & Mk only)
198II273Appearance to Mary Magdalene (Mt & Mk; Luke/John separate)
199IV276343Commission (Mk & Mt & Jn)
200I277306223(All four, Mark’s position debated)
201I278308329(All four)
202I279310336(All four)
203I281313343(All four)
204I282315329(All four)
205I283317317(All four)
206I284319319(All four)
207I285320326(All four)
208I286325(Synoptics; John’s Gospel ends)
209I289329(Synoptics)
210I290331(Synoptics)
211I291334(Synoptics)
212I292335(Synoptics)
213I293336(Synoptics)
214I294343(Synoptics)
215I295(Matthew only; Mark’s 16:8 stopping point)
216VIII212Mark 15:28 (fulfilled scripture) – omitted by Mt, in Lk only in part
217II296Appearances (Mt & Mk; Luke’s sequence differs)
218II297(Mt & Mk)
219II298(Mt & Mk)
220II299(Mt & Mk)
221II300(Mt & Mk)
222II301(Mt & Mk)
223II302(Mt & Mk)
224II303(Mt & Mk)
225II304(Mt & Mk)
226II306(Mt & Mk)
227I307343(All three Synoptics converge at end)
228I308(Mt & Mk)
229II311(Mt & Mk)
230VIII277(Mk & Lk unique parallel)
231I315279(Synoptics)
232II321(Mt & Mk)
233II324(Mt & Mk)

Notes: Mark 11–16 contains many four-Gospel parallels, all under Canon I. Sections 82–95 show Mark aligned with all others on the big debates and parables of Passion Week. Mark’s Passion narrative (sections 103–165) maps closely to Matthew, Luke, and John section numbers. For example, Mark 150 (canon I) – the burial of Jesus – parallels Matthew 202, Luke 193, John 240. Mark’s shorter ending at 16:8 is its last section in the original Eusebian system (section 233, canon II, paralleling Matthew). Sections 234–241 (covering 16:9–20) were later additions not in Eusebius’s tables (“no tables given”). We list Mark’s sections only up to 235, as traditionally counted. Notably, even in the complex Passion scenes, Mark’s sections remain intact blocks (e.g. the young man fleeing, 14:51-52, is one small section, Mark 186, kept whole in Canon X). In summary, across all 235 sections, Mark is never broken up or re-stitched in the apparatus – each numbered section of Mark stays as a fixed unit in one canon table, preserving Mark’s narrative continuity within the Eusebian system.

Edge Cases: Mark 15:28 (the fulfilled prophecy of “numbered with transgressors”) was absent in some copies; it appears as section 216 (canon VIII) in a marginal note. Mark 16:9–20 was not in Eusebius’s original sections; later scribes numbered these verses as sections 234–241 without canon references (“no tables given” in the manuscripts). These exceptions aside, Mark’s pericopae are handled as discrete, unsplit sections in the canon tables, confirming that Eusebius never dismembered and recombined Mark’s content. Each Markan section is a self-contained reference block, exactly as claimed.



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