Saturday, June 13, 2009
Clarification on the Dating of the Passover
when I talked about the possible difference in dating between the Samaritan and Rabbinic systems, I didn’t mean it WAS five days in a certain year, because I wasn’t thinking of a specific year. I was thinking about how the intercalation devices differ between the two systems, and how far apart the first day of the first month in one in a given year could be from from the first of the first in the other system. I said I will have to look at the details. The point is that if you have two dates five days apart, NOT SEVEN, and both are Friday, then the only explanation is a difference in the DATE, not the DAY, and that means two different calendars. I don’t say this discrepancy of five days did occur in the year Jesus was executed, I only say the facts suggest this as an explanation worth considering. Either (a) one or other dating is false, the Synoptic or the Johannine; or else (b) the same Friday afternoon was both the 15th and the 14th, or both the 19th and the 14th, in two different calendars. (If the dating in the Gospel of Peter lies behind the Synoptic dating, then the same Friday afternoon was both the 19th and the 14th). Actually, on re-reading the Synoptics, I think you could read them as having a period of days between the Passover and the arrest and the execution if you knew you were meant to see it. Have a look for yourself, and let me know if you think such a reading would be forced. I accordingly propose for the Synoptics the same days and dates as in the Gospel of Peter as I reconstructed them. Passover meal on Sunday night in our terminology and the second day of the week in the Jewish system with a date of the 15th of the first, some days in between, and execution on Friday afternoon in our system, the daylight of the sixth day of the week in the Jewish system, and the date of the 19th of the first, before the Sabbath of the Passover week on the 20th. As for there being two different days of the week for Passover, this must happen if the same day has different dates in two different systems. We KNOW this happened even within the Rabbinic system before the different schools agreed on the details. It is on record. As for why the Sabbath of the Passover week is a Great Day, you touched on the answer yourself when you rang me last. It is the base date for counting up to Pentecost in the Sadducaean, Qumran, and Samaritan (but not Dosithean) systems. To be a Great Day, this Sabbath doesn’t have to fall on either Mikra Kodesh. The Rabbinic and Dosithean systems make the base day the first Mikra Kodesh, the 15th, regardless of the day of the week. So in one set of systems a day of the week is the base regardless of date, and in the other set the date is the base regardless of the day of the week. The Gospel of John neatly combines the two. Christianity, other than the Quartodecimans, agrees with the Synoptics in following the Sadducean and Samaritan (Gorothenian) system, whereas the Quartodecimans (the Fourteeners) followed the Rabbinic and Dosithean system, using the ambiguity of the dating in John’s Gospel.
Email stephan.h.huller@gmail.com with comments or questions.